Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) - Summary of Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Sep. 30, 2016
 [1]
Jun. 30, 2016
 [1]
Mar. 31, 2016
 [1]
Dec. 31, 2015
 [1]
Sep. 30, 2015
 [1]
Jun. 30, 2015
 [1]
Mar. 31, 2015
 [1]
Jun. 30, 2016
 [1]
Jun. 30, 2015
 [1]
Sep. 30, 2016
 [1]
Sep. 30, 2015
 [1]
Dec. 31, 2016
Dec. 31, 2015
 [1]
Dec. 31, 2014
 [1]
Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) [Abstract]                              
Net patient revenues $ 88,946 $ 86,411 $ 88,433 $ 85,049 $ 84,881 $ 82,154 $ 81,451 $ 75,807 $ 173,482 $ 157,258 $ 259,893 $ 239,412 $ 348,839 $ 324,293 $ 299,009
Net revenues 90,864 88,344 90,430 86,908 86,724 84,049 83,288 77,241 177,338 160,529 265,682 244,578 356,546 331,302 305,074
Operating income 10,954 12,055 15,033 11,491 12,611 11,949 13,549 9,185 $ 26,524 $ 22,734 $ 38,579 $ 34,683 $ 49,533 $ 47,294 $ 45,768
Net income 6,510 6,134 7,671 5,953 6,265 6,974 7,957 5,293              
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders $ 5,247 $ 4,804 $ 6,012 $ 4,488 $ 4,761 $ 5,506 $ 6,334 $ 4,014              
Basic and diluted net income per share attributable to common shareholders (in dollars per share) $ 0.42 $ 0.38 $ 0.48 $ 0.36 $ 0.38 $ 0.44 $ 0.51 $ 0.33 $ 0.84 $ 0.84 $ 1.22 $ 1.28 $ 1.64 $ 1.66 $ 1.57
Shares used in computation - basic and diluted (in shares) 12,519 12,520 12,511 12,448 12,421 12,421 12,409 12,313              
[1] as restated