REVENUE (Notes)
3 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2018
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
Revenue Recognition, Policy [Policy Text Block]
REVENUE
Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to the customer, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to collect in exchange for those goods or services. Sales, value added and other taxes collected from our customers concurrent with our revenue activities are excluded from revenue.
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by revenue source and segment:
 
Three Months Ended April 30, 2018
 
Agriculture
 
Construction
 
International
 
Total
 
(in thousands)
Equipment
$
90,997

 
$
32,286

 
$
33,620

 
$
156,904

Parts
32,183

 
13,195

 
6,158

 
51,535

Service
18,210

 
8,466

 
679

 
27,356

Other
1,253

 
172

 
34

 
1,459

Revenue from contracts with customers
142,644

 
54,119

 
40,492

 
237,254

Rental
226

 
7,972

 
225

 
8,424

Total revenues
$
142,870

 
$
62,091

 
$
40,717

 
$
245,678

Equipment Revenue
Equipment revenue transactions include the sale of new and used agricultural and construction equipment. The Company satisfies its performance obligations and recognizes revenue at a point in time, primarily upon the delivery of the product. Once a product is delivered, the customer has physical possession of the asset, can direct the use of the asset, and has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset. Equipment transactions often include both cash and noncash consideration. Cash consideration is paid directly by our customers or by third-party financial institutions financing our customer transactions. Noncash consideration is in the form of trade-in equipment assets. We assign a value to trade-in assets by estimating a future selling price, which we estimate based on relevant internal and third-party data, less a gross profit amount to be realized at the time the trade-in asset is sold and an estimate of any reconditioning work required to ready the asset for sale. Both cash and noncash consideration can be received prior to or after our performance obligation is satisfied. Any consideration received prior to the satisfaction of our performance obligation is recognized as deferred revenue. Receivables recognized for amounts not paid at the time our performance obligation is satisfied, including amounts due from third-party financial institutions, generally do not have established payment terms but are collected in relatively short time periods.
For certain equipment sale transactions, the Company provides a residual value guarantee to CNH Industrial Capital in connection with a customer leasing arrangement in which we sell the equipment to CNH Industrial Capital, who simultaneously executes a leasing arrangement with our end-user customer. The amount of revenue recognized for the sale of the equipment asset is reduced by, and we recognize a corresponding liability equal to, our estimate of the amount that is probable of being paid under the guarantee discounted at a rate of interest to reflect the risk inherent in the liability.
Also included in equipment revenue are net commissions earned for serving as the agent in facilitating sales of equipment assets we hold as consignee on behalf of the consignor, as well as net commissions earned for facilitating the sale of extended warranty protection plans provided by our suppliers or third-party insurance providers.
We have elected, as a practical expedient, to recognize sales commissions earned on the sale of equipment inventory as an expense when incurred because the amortization period of this cost if it was otherwise capitalized would be less than one year. These costs are recorded in operating expenses in our consolidated statements of operations.

Parts Revenue
We sell a broad range of maintenance and replacement parts for both equipment that we sell and other types of equipment. The Company satisfies its performance obligation and recognizes revenue at a point in time, upon delivery of the product to the customer. Once a product is delivered, the Company has a present right to payment, the customer has physical possession of the asset, can direct the use of the asset, and has the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the asset. In many cases, customers tender payment at the time of delivery. Balances not paid at the time of delivery are typically due in full within 30 days. Most parts are sold with a thirty-day right of return or exchange. Historically, parts returns have not been material.
Parts revenue also includes the retail value of parts inventories consumed during the course of customer repair and maintenance services and services provided under manufacturer warranties. As further described below, we recognize revenue from these activities over time.
Service Revenue
We provide repair and maintenance services, including repairs performed under manufacturer warranties, for our customer’s equipment. We recognize service and associated parts revenue of our repair and maintenance services over time as we transfer control of these goods and services over time. The Company recognizes revenue over time in the amount to which we have the right to invoice the customer as such an amount corresponds to the value of our performance completed to date. Generally, the Company has the right to invoice the customer for labor hours incurred and parts inventories consumed during the performance of the service arrangement. Customer invoicing most often occurs at the conclusion of our repair and maintenance services. Accordingly, we recognize unbilled receivables for the amount of unbilled labor hours incurred and parts inventories consumed under our repair and maintenance arrangements. Upon customer invoicing, unbilled receivables are reclassified to receivables. In many cases, customers tender payment at the completion of our work and the creation of the invoice. Balances not paid at the time of invoicing are typically due in full within 30 days.
Other Revenue
Other revenues primarily consist of fees charged in connection with short-haul equipment delivery and pick-up services, in which revenue is recognized at a point in time when the service is completed, and Global Positioning System ("GPS") signal subscriptions, in which revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the subscription period.
Rental Revenue
We rent equipment to our customers on a short-term basis for periods ranging from a few days to a few months. Rental revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the period of the related rental agreement. Revenue from rental equipment delivery and pick-up services is recognized when the service is performed.
Unbilled Receivables and Deferred Revenue
Unbilled receivables amounted to $12.9 million and $11.0 million as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018. The increase in unbilled receivables is primarily the result of the recognition of revenue under our service arrangements prior to customer invoicing less reclassifications from unbilled receivables to receivables as our service work is completed and customer invoicing occurs.
Deferred revenue amounted to $30.9 million and $30.1 million as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018. The slight increase in deferred revenue is driven by cash and noncash consideration received in advance of satisfying our performance obligations, but substantially offset by $17.2 million of revenue recognized during the three months ended April 30, 2018 that was included in the deferred revenue balance at January 31, 2018.
No material amount of revenue was recognized during the three months ended April 30, 2018 from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. The Company has elected as a practical expedient to not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of service of one year or less and (ii) contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed. The contracts for which the practical expedient has been applied include (i) equipment revenue transactions, which do not have a stated contractual term, but are short-term in nature, and (ii) service revenue transactions, which also do not have a stated contractual term but are generally completed within 30 days and for such contracts we recognize revenue over time at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services completed to date.