Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Income Taxes  
Schedule of reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company’s effective income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended

 

 

 

December 31, 

 

 

    

2018

    

2017

 

Federal statutory income tax rate

 

(21.0)

%  

(34.0)

%

State taxes, net of federal benefit

 

(4.8)

 

(3.2)

 

Federal and state research and development tax credits

 

(2.9)

 

(1.4)

 

Stock‑based compensation expense

 

4.5

 

12.8

 

Other

 

0.5

 

0.7

 

Remeasurement of deferred taxes due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

 

  —

 

11.1

 

Increase in deferred tax asset valuation allowance

 

23.7

 

14.0

 

Effective income tax rate

 

 —

%  

 —

%

 

Summary of changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 

 

    

2018

    

2017

Deferred tax assets:

 

 

  

 

 

  

Net operating loss carryforwards

 

$

25,508

 

$

10,422

Research and development tax credit carryforwards

 

 

3,824

 

 

1,241

Accrued expenses

 

 

1,139

 

 

413

Capitalized intellectual property costs

 

 

764

 

 

367

Capitalized research and development expense

 

 

120

 

 

131

Stock‑based compensation expense

 

 

2,652

 

 

375

Total deferred tax assets

 

 

34,007

 

 

12,949

Deferred tax liabilities:

 

 

  

 

 

  

Depreciation and other

 

 

(341)

 

 

(374)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

 

(341)

 

 

(374)

Valuation allowance

 

 

(33,666)

 

 

(12,575)

Net deferred tax assets

 

$

 —

 

$

 —

 

Net deferred tax assets

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Year ended

 

 

December 31,

 

    

2018

    

2017

Valuation allowance as of beginning of year

 

$

12,575

 

$

6,454

Decreases recorded as benefit to income tax provision

 

 

 —

 

 

(4,887)

Increases recorded to income tax provision

 

 

21,091

 

 

11,008

Valuation allowance as of end of year

 

$

33,666

 

$

12,575