Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments and Contingencies
Leases
Lease agreements are accounted for as either operating or capital leases depending on certain defined criteria. We lease certain of our facilities and equipment under capital and operating leases with various expiration dates through 2021. Certain of the operating lease agreements contain rent holidays and rent escalation provisions. Rent holidays and rent escalation provisions are considered in determining straight-line rent expense to be recorded over the lease term. The lease term begins on the date of initial possession of the lease property for purposes of recognizing rent expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
In 2005, we entered into a capital lease agreement for a production facility in Louisville, Kentucky consisting of 126,352 square feet. The lease was amended in May 2007 to lease an additional 20,000 square feet. The capital lease has an interest rate of 6.5% and expires in 2017. As of December 31, 2015, we abandoned 150,000 square feet of the facility. See Note 11 - Restructuring in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2012, pursuant to an amendment, we added 184,813 square feet under an operating lease. On August 1, 2014, we further amended our primary facility lease (“Facility Lease Amendment”) to extend the term related only to the 184,813 square feet of leased production and office space from July 31, 2014 to July 31, 2021. In connection with the Facility Lease Amendment, we also entered into an option to terminate the lease in its entirety on or after July 31, 2018. In the case of such early lease termination, we would be required to pay a termination fee dependent upon the effective date of an early lease termination, as follows:
 
(i)
For a termination effective as of July 31, 2018: $1,512,679
(ii)
For a termination effective as of July 31, 2019: $934,814
(iii)
For a termination effective as of July 31, 2020: $429,736.
Under the terms of the Facility Lease Amendment, we are further required to maintain a Letter of Credit naming the Landlord as the beneficiary for the maximum amount of the termination fee for which the Company may be liable under the terms of the Facility Lease Amendment. See Note 8 - Line of Credit in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In October 2007, we entered into an operating lease for office space in San Mateo, California. In December 2012, we amended the lease agreement. The amended lease term ends in March 2018. During 2015, we exercised the early termination option and, accordingly, paid a termination fee of $0.3 million. Furthermore, in July 2015, we entered into an operating lease for office space in Hayward, California. During 2016, we abandoned this office space and recorded restructuring charges of $0.3 million. See Note 11 - Restructuring in the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
On November 5, 2014, in connection with a purchase agreement, Phoenix Online LLC assumed a capital lease associated with our InvitationBox.com business. We provided a corporate guaranty for this capital lease for a period of five years from the effective date of the asset purchase agreement.
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating and capital leases as of December 31, 2016 are as follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Capital
leases
 
Operating
leases
2017
$
354

 
$
917

2018

 
941

2019

 
755

2020

 
756

2021

 
447

Thereafter

 

Total minimum lease payments
354

 
$
3,816

Less amount representing interest
(8
)
 
 
Current portion - present value of capital lease obligations
$
346

 
 

Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $1.1 million and $1.4 million, respectively.
Purchase commitments
As of December 31, 2016, our non-cancelable purchase obligations totaled $1.1 million, primarily related to inventory, goods and other services.

Royalty commitments

As of December 31, 2016, our royalty commitments related to our branded content owners totaled $0.4 million and $0.1 million for the years ended 2017 and 2018 respectively.
Contingencies
From time to time, third parties assert patent and trademark infringement claims against us. We are currently engaged in several legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business, including claims of alleged infringement of trademarks, patents, copyrights and other intellectual property rights. Litigation is inherently unpredictable and the outcome of any litigation cannot be predicted with certainty. Further, as the costs, outcome and status of these types of claims and proceedings have varied significantly in the past, including with respect to whether claims ultimately result in litigation, we believe our past experience does not provide any additional visibility or predictability to estimate the additional loss or range of reasonably possible losses that may result. Based on the foregoing, we believe that an estimate of the additional loss or range of reasonably possible losses cannot be made at this time due to the inherent unpredictability of litigation and any potential settlements outside of court.
Indemnification
In the normal course of business, we enter into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for general indemnifications. Our exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves future claims that may be made against us, but have not yet been made. To date, we have not paid any material claims or been required to defend any actions related to its indemnification obligations. However, we may record charges in the future as a result of these indemnification obligations. In addition, we have indemnification agreements with certain of our directors and executive officers that require it, among other things, to indemnify them against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers with us.