CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:      
Net loss $ (265,511) $ (164,787) $ (300,149)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 102,839 104,112 113,825
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing costs 7,880 6,391 5,653
Amortization of deferred drydock and special survey costs 13,828 14,727 13,768
Provision for losses on accounts receivable 575 269 1,304
Share based compensation 4,556 4,296 3,446
Gain on bond and debt extinguishment (6,464) (185) (29,187)
Income tax (benefit)/expense (1,108) (3,192) 1,265
Realized holding loss on investments in-available-for-sale-securities 0 0 345
Loss in affiliates, net of dividends received 84,317 4,610 219,417
Bargain gain upon obtaining control (58,313) 0 0
Gain on sale of assets (894) (1,064) 0
Impairment losses 200,657 50,565 0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Decrease/(increase) in accounts receivable 6,575 5,293 (2,350)
Decrease/(increase) in inventories 2,672 (1,681) (4,046)
(Increase)/decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets (19,171) 3,123 (4,313)
(Increase)/decrease in due from affiliate companies (15,708) 15,651 (6,984)
(Decrease)/increase in accounts payable (3,023) (7,393) 7,209
Increase/(decrease) in accrued expenses and other liabilities 20,569 2,422 (9,159)
(Decrease)/increase in due to affiliate companies (3,031) 23,980 22,694
(Decrease)/increase in deferred income and cash received in advance (1,535) 1,847 (4,309)
(Decrease)/increase in other long-term liabilities and deferred income (6,318) (43) 22,493
Payments for drydock and special survey costs (7,755) (10,824) (11,096)
Net cash provided by operating activities 55,637 48,117 39,826
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:      
Cash acquired upon obtaining control 24,400 0 0
Loan to affiliate company (12,875) (4,461) (4,275)
Dividends from affiliate companies 5,838 7,298 0
Deposits for vessels, port terminals and other fixed assets (12,572) (36,589) (86,911)
Proceeds from lease receivable 233 200 0
Proceeds from sale of asset 102,217 11,828 0
Acquisition of investments in affiliates (6,305) (7,638) 0
Acquisition of vessels (46,395) 0 (60,115)
Purchase of property, equipment and other fixed assets (11,444) (10,279) (4,567)
Disposal of available-for-sale securities 0 0 5,303
Deposit for option to acquire vessel (15,234) (2,724) 0
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities 27,863 (42,365) (150,565)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:      
Repurchase of preferred stock 0 (571) (9,323)
(Repayment of)/proceeds from loan payable to affiliate company 0 (55,132) 50,000
Proceeds from transfer of rights to affiliate company 0 4,050 0
Proceeds from long-term loans 56,919 125,495 116,331
Proceeds from issuance of senior and ship mortgage notes net of discount and debt issuance costs 0 291,218 0
Repayment of long-term debt and payment of principal (94,298) (48,600) (40,737)
Repayment/repurchase of senior notes (28,796) (291,094) (30,671)
Payments of obligations under capital leases 0 (12,374) (3,032)
Debt issuance costs (740) (609) (2,844)
Acquisition of treasury stock (1) 0 (818)
Dividends paid to noncontrolling shareholders 0 (25,323) 0
Dividends paid 0 0 (3,681)
Net cash (used in)/provided by financing activities (66,916) (12,940) 75,225
Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash 16,584 (7,188) (35,514)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of year 134,190 141,378 176,892
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of year 150,774 134,190 141,378
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION      
Cash paid for interest, net of capitalized interest 121,902 115,898 108,380
Cash paid for income taxes 485 393 92
Non-cash investing and financing activities      
Purchase of property, equipment and other fixed assets 0 0 (472)
Deposits for vessels, port terminals and other fixed assets 0 (726) (5,726)
Revaluation of vessels due to termination/restructuring of capital lease obligations 0 5,243 0
Accrued interest income on loan receivable from affiliate company (3,103) (2,643) (2,259)
Accrued interest expense on loan payable to affiliate company 0 0 1,240
Accrued interest expense payable to affiliate company 1,071 815 0
Acquisition of vessels, port terminals and other fixed assets (1,662) (843) 0
Long-term payable to affiliate company 0 29,423 0
Transfers from deposits for vessels, port terminals and other fixed assets 49,421 137,357 0
Transfers to other long-term assets $ (26) $ 0 $ 0