LOUISIANA BANCORP INC - 10-Q filing on 2012-11-13

Note 1 - Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies	9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2012
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]	NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES BASIS OF PRESENTATION The accompanying unaudited financial statements of the Company were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X and do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the three month and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012, are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire fiscal year. NATURE OF OPERATIONS Louisiana Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) was organized as a Louisiana corporation on March 16, 2007, for the purpose of becoming the holding company of Bank of New Orleans (the “Bank”). The Company holds all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Bank. The Bank operates in the banking/savings and loan industry and, as such, attracts deposits from the general public and uses such deposits primarily to originate loans secured by first mortgage loans on owner-occupied single-family residences and other properties, as well as those for consumer needs. The Bank is subject to competition from other financial institutions, and is also subject to the regulations of certain Federal agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities. SIGNIFICANT GROUP CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located within the greater New Orleans area in Louisiana. Note 2 summarizes the types of securities in which the Company invests. Note 3 summarizes the types of lending in which the Company engages. The Company does not have any significant concentrations in any one industry or to any one customer. INVESTMENT SECURITIES Securities are being accounted for in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 320-10, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities. ASC 320-10, promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), requires the classification of securities into one of three categories: trading, available-for-sale, or held-to-maturity. Management determines the appropriate classification of debt securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates these classifications periodically. Available-for-sale securities are stated at market value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of income taxes, reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income until realized. The amortized cost of available-for-sale debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity or, in the case of mortgage-backed securities, over the estimated life of the security. Securities designated as held-to-maturity are stated at cost adjusted for amortization of the related premiums and accretion of discounts, using the interest method. The Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity. The Company held no trading securities as of September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011. Amortization, accretion and accrued interest are included in interest income on securities. Realized gains and losses, and declines in value judged to be other than temporary, are included in net securities gains or losses. Gains and losses on the sale of securities available-for-sale are determined using the specific-identification method. LOANS The Company grants one-to four-family, multi-family residential, commercial, and land mortgage loans, and consumer and construction loans, and lines of credit to customers. Certain first mortgage loans are originated and sold under loan sale agreements. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans secured by properties located throughout the greater New Orleans area. The ability of the Company’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent, in part, upon real estate values and general economic conditions in this area. Loans are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance for loan losses, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. When the payment of principal or interest on a loan is delinquent for more than 90 days, or earlier in some cases, the loan is placed on non-accrual status, unless the loan is in the process of collection and the underlying collateral fully supports the carrying value of the loan. If the decision is made to continue accruing interest on the loan, periodic reviews are made to confirm the accruing status of the loan. All interest accrued but not collected on loans placed in non-accrual status or on loans charged-off, is reversed against income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual basis. Loans are returned to accrual basis when all of the principal and interest contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, it believes it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Company’s impaired loans include performing and non-performing loans on which full payment of principal or interest is not expected. The Company calculates an allowance required for impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of its collateral. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance available for losses incurred on loans. All losses are charged to the allowance for loan losses when the loss actually occurs or when a determination is made that a loss is likely to occur. Recoveries are credited to the allowance at the time of recovery. The allowance is an amount that represents the amount of probable and reasonably estimable known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio, based on evaluations of the collectibility of loans. The evaluations take into consideration such factors as changes in the types and amount of loans in the loan portfolio, historical loss experience, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, estimated losses relating to specifically identified loans, and current economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates including, among others, exposure at default, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impacted loans, value of collateral, estimated losses on our commercial and residential loan portfolios and general amounts for historical loss experience. All of these estimates may be susceptible to significant change. It should be understood that estimates of future loan losses involve an exercise of judgment. While it is possible that in particular periods, the Company may sustain losses which are substantial relative to the allowance for loan losses, it is the judgment of management that the allowance for loan losses reflected in the accompanying statements of condition is appropriate under U.S. GAAP. LOANS HELD-FOR-SALE Loans held-for-sale include originated mortgage loans intended for sale in the secondary market, which are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value. Loans held-for-sale are identified at the time of origination, in accordance with the Company’s interest rate risk strategy. In addition, the Company occasionally sells loans that it originates, but cannot hold, due to regulatory limitations on loans to one borrower or concentrations of credit in a particular property type or industry. LOAN FEES, LOAN COSTS, DISCOUNTS AND PREMIUMS Loan origination and commitment fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to the related loan’s yield using the interest method over the contractual life of the loan. Discounts received in connection with mortgage loans purchased are accreted to income over the term of the loan using the interest method. Premiums on purchased loans are amortized over the term of the loan using the interest method. INCOME TAXES Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the shareholders’ equity section of the balance sheets, such items, along with income, are components of comprehensive income. USE OF ESTIMATES In preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheets and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for losses on loans and deferred taxes.

Note 1 - Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2012

Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited financial statements of the Company were prepared in accordance with instructions for Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X and do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). However, in the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included. The results of operations for the three month and nine month periods ended September 30, 2012, are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire fiscal year.

NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Louisiana Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) was organized as a Louisiana corporation on March 16, 2007, for the purpose of becoming the holding company of Bank of New Orleans (the “Bank”). The Company holds all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Bank. The Bank operates in the banking/savings and loan industry and, as such, attracts deposits from the general public and uses such deposits primarily to originate loans secured by first mortgage loans on owner-occupied single-family residences and other properties, as well as those for consumer needs.

The Bank is subject to competition from other financial institutions, and is also subject to the regulations of certain Federal agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.

SIGNIFICANT GROUP CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK

Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located within the greater New Orleans area in Louisiana. Note 2 summarizes the types of securities in which the Company invests. Note 3 summarizes the types of lending in which the Company engages. The Company does not have any significant concentrations in any one industry or to any one customer.

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Securities are being accounted for in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 320-10, Investments – Debt and Equity Securities. ASC 320-10, promulgated by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”), requires the classification of securities into one of three categories: trading, available-for-sale, or held-to-maturity. Management determines the appropriate classification of debt securities at the time of purchase and re-evaluates these classifications periodically.

Available-for-sale securities are stated at market value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of income taxes, reported as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income until realized. The amortized cost of available-for-sale debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts to maturity or, in the case of mortgage-backed securities, over the estimated life of the security.

Securities designated as held-to-maturity are stated at cost adjusted for amortization of the related premiums and accretion of discounts, using the interest method. The Company has the positive intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity.

The Company held no trading securities as of September 30, 2012 or December 31, 2011.

Amortization, accretion and accrued interest are included in interest income on securities. Realized gains and losses, and declines in value judged to be other than temporary, are included in net securities gains or losses. Gains and losses on the sale of securities available-for-sale are determined using the specific-identification method.

LOANS

The Company grants one-to four-family, multi-family residential, commercial, and land mortgage loans, and consumer and construction loans, and lines of credit to customers. Certain first mortgage loans are originated and sold under loan sale agreements. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by mortgage loans secured by properties located throughout the greater New Orleans area. The ability of the Company’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent, in part, upon real estate values and general economic conditions in this area.

Loans are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balance adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance for loan losses, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance.

When the payment of principal or interest on a loan is delinquent for more than 90 days, or earlier in some cases, the loan is placed on non-accrual status, unless the loan is in the process of collection and the underlying collateral fully supports the carrying value of the loan. If the decision is made to continue accruing interest on the loan, periodic reviews are made to confirm the accruing status of the loan. All interest accrued but not collected on loans placed in non-accrual status or on loans charged-off, is reversed against income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual basis. Loans are returned to accrual basis when all of the principal and interest contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, it believes it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The Company’s impaired loans include performing and non-performing loans on which full payment of principal or interest is not expected. The Company calculates an allowance required for impaired loans based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or at the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of its collateral.

ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance available for losses incurred on loans. All losses are charged to the allowance for loan losses when the loss actually occurs or when a determination is made that a loss is likely to occur. Recoveries are credited to the allowance at the time of recovery.

The allowance is an amount that represents the amount of probable and reasonably estimable known and inherent losses in the loan portfolio, based on evaluations of the collectibility of loans. The evaluations take into consideration such factors as changes in the types and amount of loans in the loan portfolio, historical loss experience, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying collateral, estimated losses relating to specifically identified loans, and current economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates including, among others, exposure at default, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows on impacted loans, value of collateral, estimated losses on our commercial and residential loan portfolios and general amounts for historical loss experience. All of these estimates may be susceptible to significant change.

It should be understood that estimates of future loan losses involve an exercise of judgment. While it is possible that in particular periods, the Company may sustain losses which are substantial relative to the allowance for loan losses, it is the judgment of management that the allowance for loan losses reflected in the accompanying statements of condition is appropriate under U.S. GAAP.

LOANS HELD-FOR-SALE

Loans held-for-sale include originated mortgage loans intended for sale in the secondary market, which are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value. Loans held-for-sale are identified at the time of origination, in accordance with the Company’s interest rate risk strategy. In addition, the Company occasionally sells loans that it originates, but cannot hold, due to regulatory limitations on loans to one borrower or concentrations of credit in a particular property type or industry.

LOAN FEES, LOAN COSTS, DISCOUNTS AND PREMIUMS

Loan origination and commitment fees and certain direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment to the related loan’s yield using the interest method over the contractual life of the loan.

Discounts received in connection with mortgage loans purchased are accreted to income over the term of the loan using the interest method. Premiums on purchased loans are amortized over the term of the loan using the interest method.

INCOME TAXES

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets and liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes.

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income. Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are reported as a separate component of the shareholders’ equity section of the balance sheets, such items, along with income, are components of comprehensive income.

USE OF ESTIMATES

In preparing financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheets and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for losses on loans and deferred taxes.