Note F - Debt Obligations
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Notes to Financial Statements  
Debt Disclosure [Text Block]
F.
Debt Obligations
 
Deerfield Facility Agreement
 
On
June
 
2,
2014,
the Company entered into a
$60
million facility agreement (the “Deerfield Facility Agreement”) with Deerfield Private Design Fund III, LP (“Deerfield”). The
first
payment to the Company under the terms of the Deerfield Facility Agreement consisted of a term loan of
$15
million (the “Term Notes”) and a senior secured loan of
$10
million (the “Deerfield Convertible Notes”). Deerfield is no longer obligated to provide the Company any additional disbursements under the Deerfield Facility Agreement. All loans issued under the Deerfield Facility Agreement bear interest at
9.75%
 per annum. Deerfield
may
convert any portion of the outstanding principal and any accrued but unpaid interest on the Deerfield Convertible Notes into shares of the Company’s common stock at an initial conversion price of
$5.85
per share.  
 
The Company also issued to Deerfield a warrant to purchase
14,423,076
shares of Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock (“
Series D Preferred”) at an exercise price of
$0.78
per share, which is exercisable until
June
 
2,
2024
(the “Deerfield Warrant”). Upon completion of the IPO, the Deerfield Warrant automatically converted into a warrant to purchase
1,923,077
shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of
$5.85
per share. This warrant qualifies as a participating security under ASC Topic
260,
Earnings per Share,
and is treated as such in the earnings per share calculation (Note I). In the event that a Major Transaction occurs, as defined below, Deerfield
may
require the Company to redeem the Deerfield Warrant for a cash amount equal to the Black-Scholes value of the portion of the Deerfield Warrant to be redeemed (the “Put Option”). A Major Transaction is (i) a consolidation, merger, exchange of shares, recapitalization, reorganization, business combination or other similar event; (ii) the sale or transfer in
one
transaction or a series of related transactions of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; (iii) a
third
-party purchase,
tender
or exchange offer made to the holders of outstanding shares, such that following such purchase,
tender
or exchange offer a change of control has occurred; (iv) the liquidation, bankruptcy, insolvency, dissolution or winding-up affecting the Company; (v) the shares of the Company’s common stock cease to be listed on any eligible market; and (vi) at any time, the shares of the Company’s common stock cease to be registered under Section 
12
of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934,
as amended (the “Exchange Act”).
 
In addition, the Company issued to Deerfield
1,923,077
shares of Series D Preferred as consideration for the loans provided to the Company under the Deerfield Facility Agreement. Upon completion of the IPO, these shares automatically reclassified into
256,
410
shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company recorded the fair value of the shares of Series D Preferred of
$1.5
million, to debt issuance costs on the date of issuance. The Company recorded the fair value of the Deerfield Warrant and the embedded Put Option to debt discount on the date of issuance. The debt issuance costs and debt discount are amortized over the term of the related debt and the expense is recorded as interest expense in the statements of operations.
 
Pursuant to the Deerfield Fac
ility Agreement, the Company 
may
not enter into specified transactions, including a debt financing in the aggregate value of
$750,000
or more, a merger, an asset sale or any other change of control transaction or any joint venture, partnership or other profit sharing arrangement, without the prior approval of Deerfield. Additionally, if the Company were to enter into a major transaction, including a merger, consolidation, sale of substantially all of its assets or other change of control transaction, Deerfield would have the ability to demand that prior to consummation of such transaction the Company repay all outstanding principal and accrued interest of any notes issued under the Deerfield Facility Agreement.
Under each warrant issued pursuant to the Deerfield facility, Deerfield has the right to demand that we redeem the warrant for a cash amount equal to the Black-Scholes value of a portion of the warrant upon the occurrence of specified events, including a merger, an asset sale or any other change of control transaction.
 
The Company
 must repay
one
-
third
of the outstanding principal amount of all debt issued under the Deerfield Facility Agreement on the
fourth
and
fifth
anniversaries of the Deerfield Facility Agreement. The Company is then also obligated to repay the balance of the outstanding principal amount on
February
 
14,
2020.
The Company prepaid all outstanding interest and principal on the Term Notes in
February
2016.
 
 
Interest accrued on outstanding debt under the Deerfield Fa
cility Agreement is due quarterly in arrears. Upon notice to Deerfield, the Company
may
choose to have
one
or more of the
first
eight
of such scheduled interest payments added to the outstanding principal amount of the debt issued under the Deerfield Facility Agreement, provided that all such interest was due on
July
 
1,
2016.
The Company elected this option on all 
eight
of the scheduled interest payments through
June
30,
2016.
The accrued interest added to outstanding principal, was paid to Deerfield on
July
1,
2016.
This accrued interest added to outstanding principal, is reflected as a cash outflow from financing activities in the statement of cash flows.
 
Second Amendment to Senior Secured Convertible Note and Warrant
 
On
January
6,
2016,
the Company entered into a Second Amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Deerfield Convertible Notes and Deerfield Warrant, by and between the Company and Deerfield. The Second Amendment, among other things, clarified the calculation of an anti-dilution adjustment of the conversion price and exercise price of the Deerfield Convertible Notes and Deerfield Warrant, respectively, in the event that the Company effects a firm commitment underwritten public offering of its securities. Except as modified by the Second Amendment, the Third Amendment (as described below) and the Fourth Amendment (as described below), all terms and conditions of the Deerfield Convertible Notes and Deerfield Warrant remain in full force and effect
.
 
Issuance of
5.50%
Senior Convertible
Notes and Third Amendment to Senior Secured Convertible Note and Warrant
 
On
February
9,
2016,
the Company issued
$86.25
million aggregate principal amount of its
5.50%
Senior Convertible Notes due
2021
(the “
2021
Notes”) to Cowen and Company, LLC and RBC Capital Markets, LLC., as representatives of the several initial purchasers (the “Initial Purchasers”), who subsequently resold the
2021
Notes to qualified institutional buyers (the “Note Offering”) in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Rule
144A
under the Securities Act of
1933,
as amended (the “Securities Act”).
 
The net proceeds from the Note Offering were approximately
$82.8
million, after deducting the Initial Purchasers
’ discount and estimated offering expenses. Concurrent with the Note Offering, the Company used approximately
$18.6
million of the net proceeds from the Note Offering to repay in full the Term Notes, plus all accrued but unpaid interest, a make-whole interest payment and a prepayment premium on the Term Notes. This principal, accrued but unpaid interest, make-whole interest payment and prepayment premium on the Term Notes is reflected as a cash outflow from financing activities in the statement of cash flows.  
 
The
2021
Notes were issued pursuant to an Indenture, dated as of
February
 
9,
2016
(the “Indenture”), between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. Interest on the
2021
Notes is payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on
February
 
1
and
August
 
1
of each year, beginning on
August
 
1,
2016,
at a rate of
5.50%
 per year. The
2021
Notes mature on
February
 
1,
2021
unless earlier converted or repurchased. The
2021
Notes are not redeemable prior to the maturity date, and no sinking fund is provided for the
2021
Notes.
 
The
2021
Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of
58.4454
shares of the Company
’s common stock per
$1,000
principal amount of the
2021
Notes, subject to adjustment under the Indenture, which is equal to an initial conversion price of approximately
$17.11
per share of common stock. Upon conversion, the
2021
Notes will be settled in shares of the Company’s common stock, together with a cash payment in lieu of delivering any fractional share. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment in some events but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, following certain corporate events that occur prior to the maturity date, the Company will increase the conversion rate for a holder who elects to convert its
2021
Notes in connection with such a corporate event in certain circumstances.
 
If the Company undergoes a “
fundamental change” (as defined in the Indenture), holders
may
require that the Company repurchase for cash all or any portion of their
2021
Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal to
100%
of the principal amount of the
2021
Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date. In addition, holders who convert their
2021
Notes on or after the date that is
one
year after the last date of original issuance of the
2021
Notes
may
also be entitled to receive, under certain circumstances, an interest make-whole payment payable in shares of the Company’s common stock. The Company is bifurcating the fundamental change and make-whole interest payment provisions as embedded derivatives and marking them to fair value each reporting period (Note L).
 
The Indenture includes customary terms and covenants, including certain events of default after which the
2021
Notes
may
be due and payable immediately.
 
In connection with the Note Offering, on
February
3,
2016,
the Company entered into a Third Amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the Deerfield Facility Agreement, Deerfield Convertible Notes and Deerfield Warrant with Deerfield. The Third Amendment, among other things, eliminated the Company’s ability to require Deerfield to convert the Deerfield Convertible Notes into Company common stock.  In addition, pursuant to the Third Amendment, Deerfield consented to the prepayment of the Term Notes and the issuance of the
2021
Notes. Except as modified by the Third Amendment and the Fourth Amendment (as described below), all terms and conditions of the Deerfield Facility Agreement remain in full force and effect.
 
Fourth Amendment to Deerfield Convertible Notes and Deerfield Warrant
 
In connection with entering into the
 ATM Agreement, on
October
3,
2016,
the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the Deerfield Convertible Note and the Deerfield Warrant, by and between the Company and Deerfield. The Fourth Amendment, among other things, clarifies the calculation of an anti-dilution adjustment of the conversion price and exercise price of the Deerfield Convertible Note and Deerfield Warrant, respectively, in the event that the Company effects an “at the market offering” as defined in Rule
415
of the Securities Act of its common stock.
 
Line of Credit
 
During the
second
quarter of
2016,
the Company opened a
 line of credit with a total borrowing capacity of 
$1.1
million with City National Bank of Florida (the "Line of Credit Agreement") to support several irrevocable letters of credit issued by the bank on behalf of the Company. As of
December
31,
2016
the Company had unused letters of credit in the amount of
$0.4
million. The line of credit has a maturity date of
January
31,
2018.
As of 
December
31,
2016,
the Company had no outstanding balance under the line of credit. The Line of Credit Agreement is collateralized by a restricted money market account, equal to the total amount of the borrowing capacity under the line of credit, held by the same bank institution. The money market account is reported as restricted cash on the balance sheet. The line of credit contains no financial covenants. Borrowings under the Line of Credit Agreement carry interest at a rate equal to the
1
-month London Interbank Offered Rate plus
2.00%
per annum. The interest rate under the Line of Credit Agreement was
2.77%,
as of 
December
31,
2016.