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Organization, Business and Basis of Presentation
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6 Months Ended | ||||||||||||
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Jun. 30, 2012
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| Organization, Business and Basis of Presentation [Abstract] | |||||||||||||
| Organization, Business and Basis of Presentation |
(1) Organization, Business and Basis of Presentation Organization We are a provider of credit and debit card payment processing services to small merchants across the United States. We conduct all of our operations through our operating company, iPayment, Inc. (“iPayment”), and its subsidiaries. iPayment and its direct parent, iPayment Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”), are incorporated in Delaware. Holdings is a holding company that does not have any operations or material assets other than the direct and indirect ownership of all of the capital stock of iPayment and its subsidiaries, respectively. All of the capital stock of Holdings is owned by iPayment Investors, L.P. (“iPayment Investors”). All of the partnership interests of iPayment Investors are owned by Carl A. Grimstad, iPayment’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and certain entities and persons affiliated with him. On May 23, 2011, iPayment Investors and its general partner, iPayment GP, LLC (“iPayment GP”), completed the redemption (the “Equity Redemption”) of all of the direct and indirect equity interests in iPayment Investors and iPayment GP of (i) Gregory Daily, iPayment’s former Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and (ii) the trusts for the benefit of, and other entities controlled by, members of Mr. Daily’s family that held equity interests in iPayment Investors. The Equity Redemption resulted in a change in control and accordingly has been accounted for as a business combination in accordance with ASC 805 “Business Combinations.” The Equity Redemption, together with a refinancing of substantially all of iPayment’s and iPayment Investors’ then existing debt, were funded with the proceeds of new senior secured credit facilities entered into, and securities issued, on May 6, 2011, which we define in Note 2 below as the “Refinancing.” Please refer to Notes 2 and 5 for a further discussion of the Equity Redemption and the Refinancing. Business Our payment processing services enable our merchants to accept credit cards as well as other forms of payment, including debit cards, checks, gift cards and loyalty programs in traditional card-present, or swipe transactions, as well as card-not-present transactions, such as those done over the phone or through the internet. We market and sell our services through both independent sales groups (“ISGs”), which are non-employee, external sales organizations and other third party resellers of our products and services and directly to merchants through electronic media, telemarketing and other programs, including utilizing partnerships with other companies that market products and services to small businesses. In addition, we partner with banks such as Wells Fargo to sponsor us for membership in the Visa, MasterCard or other card associations and to settle transactions with merchants. We perform core functions for small merchants such as application processing, underwriting, account set-up, risk management, fraud detection, merchant assistance and support, equipment deployment and chargeback services, primarily in our main operating center in Westlake Village, California. In May 2011, iPayment completed an offering of $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 10.25% Senior Notes due 2018 (the “10.25% Notes”) and entered into new senior secured credit facilities consisting of (i) a $375.0 million term facility and (ii) a $75.0 million revolving facility (the “Senior Secured Credit Facilities”). The revolving facility will mature on May 6, 2016, and the term facility will mature on May 8, 2017. Also in May 2011, Holdings completed an offering of 125,000 units (the “Units”), consisting of $125.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 15.00%/15.00% Senior Notes due 2018 (the “15.00%/15.00% Notes”) and 125,000 warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase common stock of Holdings. The Warrants represent an aggregate 2.5% of the outstanding common stock of Holdings on a fully diluted basis. The Senior Secured Credit Facilities, the 10.25% Notes and the 15.00%/15.00% Notes are discussed further in Note 5. Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements of iPayment and Holdings have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal and recurring nature, that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the consolidated financial position and results of operations for the related periods. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The consolidated results of operations for any interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year. As a result of the Equity Redemption, which occurred on May 23, 2011, as discussed further in Note 2, our results of operations, financial position and cash flows prior to the date of the Equity Redemption are presented as the “Predecessor.” The financial effects of the Equity Redemption and our results of operations, financial position and cash flows following the Equity Redemption are presented as the “Successor.” Accordingly, as used in these notes to the consolidated financial statements, the results of operations discussed below for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 reflect the combined results of the Predecessor and Successor entities to facilitate comparison with the results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012. See Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. Use of Estimates The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements. Estimates and assumptions also affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. As a result of the change in control discussed in Note 2 and the application of ASC 805, we engaged an independent, third party valuation firm to assist in evaluating the fair value of certain assets and liabilities as of May 23, 2011. The results of this valuation are further discussed in Note 2. Revenue and Cost Recognition Substantially all of our revenues are generated from fees charged to merchants for payment processing services. We typically charge these merchants a rate, primarily based upon each merchant’s monthly charge volume and risk profile. Our fees principally consist of discount fees, which are a percentage of the dollar amount of each transaction. We recognize discounts and other fees related to payment transactions at the time the merchant’s transactions are processed. Related interchange and assessment costs are also recognized at that time. We derive the balance of our revenues from a variety of fixed transaction or service fees, including fees for monthly minimum charge volume requirements, statement fees, annual fees, payment card industry compliance fees, ancillary products and fees for other miscellaneous services, such as handling chargebacks. We recognize revenues derived from service fees at the time the service is performed. We follow the requirements included in the Revenue Recognition Topic of ASC 605 “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal Versus Net as an Agent.” Generally, where we have ownership of the merchant agreement, credit risk and ultimate responsibility for the merchant, revenues are reported at the time of sale on a gross basis equal to the full amount of the discount charged to the merchant. This amount includes interchange paid to card issuing banks and assessments paid to payment card associations pursuant to which such parties receive payments based primarily on processing volume for particular groups of merchants. Interchange fees are recognized at the time transactions are processed. Revenues generated from certain bank portfolios acquired from First Data Merchant Services Corporation and other sources are reported net of interchange, as required by ASC Topic 605, because we may not have credit risk, portability or the ultimate responsibility for the merchant accounts. Other Costs of Services Other costs of services include costs directly attributable to our provision of payment processing and related services to our merchants and primarily includes residual payments to ISGs, which are commissions we pay to our ISGs based upon a percentage of the net revenues we generate from their merchant referrals, and assessment fees payable to card associations, which are a percentage of the charge volume we generate from Visa and MasterCard. In addition, other costs of services includes telecommunications costs, personnel costs, occupancy costs, losses due to merchant defaults, other miscellaneous merchant supplies and services expenses, amortization, depreciation, bank sponsorship costs and other third-party processing costs. Financial Instruments
ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures” establishes a framework for measuring fair value and a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurement and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:
We believe the carrying amounts of financial instruments at June 30, 2012 approximate fair value. Due to the short maturities of the cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable, carrying amounts approximate the respective fair values. The carrying value of the 10.25% Notes was $400.0 million as of June 30, 2012. We estimate its fair value to be approximately $362.0 million, considering executed trades occurring around June 30, 2012. The carrying value of the term loan under the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, net of discount, was $350.9 million as of June 30, 2012. We estimate its fair value to be approximately $351.4 million, considering executed trades occurring around June 30, 2012. The carrying value of the 15.00%/ 15.00% Notes was $133.8 million as of June 30, 2012. We estimate its fair value to be approximately $107.0 million, considering executed trades occurring around June 30, 2012. The fair value of the 10.25% Notes, the Senior Secured Credit Facilities, and the 15.00%/15.00% Notes are estimated using direct and indirect observable market information and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, as defined by ASC 820. We are contractually obligated to repay our borrowings in full and we do not believe the creditors under our borrowing arrangements are willing to settle these instruments with us at their estimated fair values indicated herein. Amortization of Intangible Assets Purchased merchant processing portfolios are recorded at cost and are evaluated by management for impairment at the end of each fiscal quarter through review of actual attrition and cash flows generated by the portfolios in relation to the expected attrition and cash flows and the recorded amortization expense. Amortization of intangible assets results from our acquisitions of portfolios of merchant contracts, revenue streams related to residual agreements related to merchant portfolios, or residual buyouts or acquisitions of a business where we allocated a portion of the purchase price to the existing merchant processing portfolios and other intangible assets. The estimated useful lives of our merchant processing portfolios are assessed by evaluating each portfolio to ensure that the recognition of the costs of revenues, represented by amortization of the intangible assets, approximate the distribution of the expected revenues from each processing portfolio. If, upon review, the actual costs of revenues differ from the expected costs of revenues, we will adjust amortization expense accordingly. Historically, we have experienced an average monthly volume attrition of approximately 1.5% to 2.5% of our total charge volume. We utilize an accelerated method of amortization over a 15-year period, which we believe approximates the distribution of actual cash flows generated by our merchant processing portfolios. All other intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over an estimated life of three to seven years. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2012, amortization expense related to our merchant processing portfolios and other intangible assets was $15.2 million and $29.3 million, respectively. For the period from May 24 through June 30, 2011, amortization expense related to our merchant processing portfolios and other intangible assets was $5.7 million. For the period from April 1 through May 23, 2011, amortization expense related to our merchant processing portfolios and other intangible assets was $5.6 million. For the period from January 1 through May 23, 2011, amortization expense related to our merchant processing portfolios and other intangible assets was $15.5 million. In addition, we have implemented both quarterly and annual procedures to determine whether a significant change in the trend of the current attrition rates being used has occurred on a portfolio-by-portfolio basis. In reviewing the current attrition rate trends, we consider relevant benchmarks such as charge volume, revenues, number of merchant accounts, gross profit and future expectations of the aforementioned factors compared to historical amounts and rates. If we identify any significant changes or trends in the attrition rate of any portfolio, we will adjust our current and prospective estimated attrition rates so that the amortization expense better approximates the distribution of actual cash flows generated by the merchant processing portfolios. Any adjustments made to the amortization schedules would be treated as a change in estimate and accounted for prospectively. As a result of the Equity Redemption, we appraised merchant processing portfolios as of May 23, 2011. There were no material favorable or unfavorable trends identified in the attrition rates used for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012. Consequently, there were no related adjustments to amortization expense for these periods. Please refer to Note 2 for further discussion. Our intangible assets are amortized over their estimated lives, except the trade name intangibles, which were determined to have indefinite lives as there are no legal, regulatory, contractual, economic or other factors that limit the useful life of the intangible asset to us, and we have no plans to cease using such names. We believe the trade names have an inherent value due to brand strength. Common Stock iPayment and Holdings have 100 and 4,875,000 shares of common stock, respectively, that are issued and outstanding at June 30, 2012. The Company has elected not to present earnings per share data as management believes such presentation would not be meaningful. There is no established public trading market for our common stock or for the Warrants. No Warrants were exercised as of June 30, 2012. |