CONNS INC - 10-Q filing on 2018-06-07

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

3 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2018

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business. Conn's, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a holding company with no independent assets or operations other than its investments in its subsidiaries. References to “we,” “our,” “us,” “the Company,” “Conn’s” or “CONN” refer to Conn’s, Inc. and, as apparent from the context, its consolidated bankruptcy-remote variable interest entities (“VIEs”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Conn's is a leading specialty retailer that offers a broad selection of quality, branded durable consumer goods and related services in addition to proprietary credit solutions for its core credit-constrained consumers. We operate an integrated and scalable business through our retail stores and website. Our complementary product offerings include furniture and mattresses, home appliances, consumer electronics and home office products from leading global brands across a wide range of price points. Our credit offering provides financing solutions to a large, under-served population of credit-constrained consumers who typically have limited credit alternatives.

We operate two reportable segments: retail and credit. Our retail stores bear the "Conn's HomePlus" name with all of our stores providing the same products and services to a common customer group. Our stores follow the same procedures and methods in managing their operations. Our retail business and credit business are operated independently from each other. The credit segment is dedicated to providing short- and medium-term financing to our retail customers. The retail segment is not involved in credit approval decisions. Our management evaluates performance and allocates resources based on the operating results of the retail and credit segments.

Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited, condensed consolidated financial statements of Conn's, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, including the VIEs, have been prepared by management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and prevailing industry practice for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, we do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The accompanying financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows for these interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in future periods. The balance sheet at January 31, 2018 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date. The financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2018 (the “2018 Form 10-K”), filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on April 5, 2018.

Fiscal Year. Our fiscal year ends on January 31. References to a fiscal year refer to the calendar year in which the fiscal year ends.

Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Conn's, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

Variable Interest Entities. VIEs are consolidated if the Company is the primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is the party that has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIE and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

We securitize customer accounts receivables by transferring the receivables to various bankruptcy-remote VIEs. We retain the servicing of the securitized portfolio and have a variable interest in each corresponding VIE by holding the residual equity. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of each respective VIE because (i) our servicing responsibilities for the securitized portfolio give us the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the performance of the VIE and (ii) our variable interest in the VIE gives us the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive residual returns that potentially could be significant. As a result, we consolidate the respective VIEs within our consolidated financial statements.

Refer to Note 5, Debt and Capital Lease Obligations, and Note 7, Variable Interest Entities, for additional information.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make informed judgments and estimates that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Changes in facts and circumstances or additional information may result in revised estimates, and actual results may differ, even significantly, from these estimates. Management evaluates its estimates and related assumptions regularly, including those related to the allowance for doubtful accounts and allowances for no-interest option credit programs, which are particularly sensitive given the size of our customer portfolio balance.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash, credit card deposits in-transit, and highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity of three months or less. Cash and cash equivalents include credit card deposits in-transit of $3.8 million and $2.0 million as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018, respectively.

Restricted Cash. The restricted cash balance as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018 includes $56.7 million and $58.1 million, respectively, of cash we collected as servicer on the securitized receivables that was subsequently remitted to the VIEs and $18.5 million and $27.2 million, respectively, of cash held by the VIEs as additional collateral for the asset-backed notes.

Customer Accounts Receivable. Customer accounts receivable reported in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet includes total receivables managed, including both those transferred to the VIEs and those not transferred to the VIEs. Customer accounts receivable are recognized at the time the customer takes possession of the product. Based on contractual terms, we record the amount of principal and accrued interest on customer receivables that is expected to be collected within the next twelve months in current assets with the remaining balance in long-term assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. Customer accounts receivable includes the net of unamortized deferred fees charged to customers and origination costs. Customer receivables are considered delinquent if a payment has not been received on the scheduled due date. Accounts that are delinquent more than 209 days as of the end of a month are charged-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts along with interest accrued subsequent to the last payment.

In an effort to mitigate losses on our accounts receivable, we may make loan modifications to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. In our role as servicer, we may also make modifications to loans held by the VIEs. The loan modifications are intended to maximize net cash flow after expenses and avoid the need to repossess collateral or exercise legal remedies available to us. We may extend or "re-age" a portion of our customer accounts, which involves modifying the payment terms to defer a portion of the cash payments due. Our re-aging of customer accounts does not change the interest rate or the total principal amount due from the customer and typically does not reduce the monthly contractual payments. To a much lesser extent, we may provide the customer the ability to re-age their obligation by refinancing the account, which does not change the interest rate or the total principal amount due from the customer but does reduce the monthly contractual payments and extend the term. We consider accounts that have been re-aged in excess of three months or refinanced as Troubled Debt Restructurings ("TDR" or "Restructured Accounts").

Interest Income on Customer Accounts Receivable. Interest income, which includes interest income and amortization of deferred fees and origination costs, is recorded using the interest method and is reflected in finance charges and other revenues. Typically, interest income is recorded until the customer account is paid off or charged-off, and we provide an allowance for estimated uncollectible interest. Any contractual interest income received from customers in excess of the interest income calculated using the interest method is recorded as deferred revenue on our balance sheets. At April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018, there was $12.5 million and $12.5 million, respectively, of deferred interest included in deferred revenues and other credits and other long-term liabilities. The deferred interest will ultimately be brought into income as the accounts pay off or charge-off.

We offer a 12 month no-interest option program. If the customer is delinquent in making a scheduled monthly payment or does not repay the principal in full by the end of the no-interest option program period (grace periods are provided), the account does not qualify for the no-interest provision and none of the interest earned is waived. Interest income is recognized based on estimated accrued interest earned to date on all no-interest option finance programs with an offsetting reserve for those customers expected to satisfy the requirements of the program based on our historical experience.

We recognize interest income on TDR accounts using the interest income method, which requires reporting interest income equal to the increase in the net carrying amount of the loan attributable to the passage of time. Cash proceeds and other adjustments are applied to the net carrying amount such that it equals the present value of expected future cash flows.

We typically only place accounts in non-accrual status when legally required. Payments received on non-accrual loans will be applied to principal and reduce the amount of the loan. At April 30, 2018, customer receivables carried in non-accrual status were $15.8 million, of which $12.1 million is in bankruptcy status and less than 60 days past due. At January 31, 2018, customer receivables carried in non-accrual status were $16.9 million, of which $14.5 million is in bankruptcy status and less than 60 days past due. At April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018, customer receivables that were past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest totaled $111.1 million and $109.7 million, respectively.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. The determination of the amount of the allowance for bad debts is, by nature, highly complex and subjective. Future events that are inherently uncertain could result in material changes to the level of the allowance for bad debts. General economic conditions, changes to state or federal regulations and a variety of other factors that affect the ability of borrowers to service their debts or our ability to collect will impact the future performance of the portfolio.

We establish an allowance for doubtful accounts, including estimated uncollectible interest, to cover probable and estimable losses on our customer accounts receivable resulting from the failure of customers to make contractual payments. Our customer portfolio balance consists of a large number of relatively small, homogeneous accounts. None of our accounts are large enough to warrant individual evaluation for impairment.

We record an allowance for doubtful accounts on our non-TDR customer accounts receivable that we expect to charge-off over the next 12 months based on historical gross charge-off rates over the last 24 months. We incorporate an adjustment to historical gross charge-off rates for a scaled factor of the year-over-year change in six month average first payment default rates and the year-over-year change in the balance of customer accounts receivable that are 60 days or more past due. In addition to adjusted historical gross charge-off rates, estimates of post-charge-off recoveries, including cash payments from customers, amounts realized from the repossession of the products financed, sales tax recoveries from taxing jurisdictions, and payments received under credit insurance policies are also considered.

Qualitative adjustments are made to the allowance for bad debts when, based on management’s judgment, there are internal or external factors impacting probable incurred losses not taken into account by the quantitative calculations. These qualitative considerations are based on the following factors: changes in lending policies and procedures, changes in economic and business conditions, changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio, changes in lending management, changes in credit quality statistics, changes in concentrations of credit, and other internal or external factor changes. We utilize an economic qualitative adjustment based on changes in unemployment rates if current unemployment rates in our markets are worse than they were on average over the last 24 months. We also qualitatively limit the impact of changes in first payment default rates and changes in delinquency when those changes result in a decrease to the allowance for bad debts based on a measure of the dispersion of historical charge-off rates.

We determine allowances for those accounts that are TDR based on the discounted present value of cash flows expected to be collected over the life of those accounts based primarily on the performance of TDR loans over the last 24 months. The cash flows are discounted based on the weighted-average effective interest rate of the TDR accounts. The excess of the carrying amount over the discounted cash flow amount is recorded as an allowance for loss on those accounts.

Debt Issuance Costs. Costs that are direct and incremental to debt issuance are deferred and amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the expected life of the debt. All other costs related to debt issuance are expensed as incurred. We present debt issuance costs associated with long-term debt as a reduction of the carrying amount of the debt. Unamortized costs related to the revolving credit facility are included in other assets on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and were $4.4 million and $5.2 million as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018, respectively.

Income Taxes. For the three months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, we utilized the estimated annual effective tax rate based on our estimated fiscal year 2019 and 2018 pre-tax income, respectively, in determining income tax expense.

Provision for income taxes for interim periods is based on an estimated annual income tax rate, adjusted for discrete tax items. As a result, our interim effective tax rates may vary significantly from the statutory tax rate and the annual effective tax rate.

On December 22, 2017 H.R. 1, originally known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), was signed into law. Among the significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, the Tax Act lowered the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate (“Federal Tax Rate”) from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. For the three months ended January 31, 2018, we calculated our best estimate of the impact of the Tax Act in our fiscal year 2018 provision for income taxes in accordance with our understanding of the Tax Act and available guidance as of that date.

We continue to analyze additional information and guidance related to the Tax Act as supplemental legislation, regulatory guidance and evolving technical interpretations become available. We will continue to refine such amounts within the measurement period as provided by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 and expect to complete our analysis no later than the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019.

For the three months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, the effective tax rate was 18.1% and 38.2%, respectively. The primary factors affecting our effective tax rate for the three months ended April 30, 2018 were a decrease in the Federal Tax Rate as a result of the Tax Act, an increase in pre-tax earnings, and excess tax benefits related to the vesting of equity compensation.

Stock-based Compensation.

Stock-based compensation expense is recorded, net of estimated forfeitures, for share-based compensation awards over the requisite service period using the straight-line method. An adjustment is made to compensation cost for any difference between the estimated forfeitures and the actual forfeitures related to the awards. For equity-classified share-based compensation awards, expense is recognized based on the grant-date fair value. For stock option grants, we use the Black-Scholes model to determine fair value. For grants of restricted stock units, the fair value of the grant is the market value of our stock at the date of issuance.

The following table sets forth the restricted stock unit awards ("RSUs"), performance stock awards ("PSUs") and stock options granted during the three months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017:



	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2018		2017
RSUs ⁽¹⁾	80,411		324,487
PSUs ⁽²⁾	—		429,000
Stock Options ⁽³⁾	620,166		—
Total stock awards granted	700,577		753,487

Aggregate grant date fair value (in thousands)	$	15,511	$	7,761

(1) The RSUs issued during the three months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017 are scheduled to vest ratably over periods of three to four years from the date of grant.

(2) The PSUs issued during the three months ended April 30, 2017 will vest, if at all, upon the certification, after fiscal year 2020, by the compensation committee of the satisfaction of the annual and cumulative Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization performance conditions over the three fiscal years commencing with fiscal year 2018.

(3) The weighted-average assumptions for the option awards granted during the three months ended April 30, 2018 included expected volatility of 68.0%, an expected term of 6.5 years and risk-free interest rate of 2.67%. No dividend yield was included in the weighted-average assumptions for the option awards granted during the three months ended April 30, 2018.

For the three months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, stock-based compensation expense was $2.5 million and $1.6 million, respectively.

Earnings per Share. Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share includes the dilutive effects of any stock options and restricted stock units granted, which is calculated using the treasury-stock method. The following table sets forth the shares outstanding for the earnings per share calculations:



	Three Months Ended April 30,
	2018	2017
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Basic	31,540,684	30,972,312
Dilutive effect of stock options, RSUs and PSUs	912,180	—
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - Diluted	32,452,864	30,972,312

For the three months ended April 30, 2018 and 2017, the weighted-average number of stock options and restricted stock units not included in the calculation due to their anti-dilutive effect was 305,313 and 944,423, respectively.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value are categorized using defined hierarchical levels related to subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair value measurements as follows:


•	Level 1 – Inputs represent unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

•

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly (for example, quoted market prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets or quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets not considered to be active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or market-corroborated inputs).


•	Level 3 – Inputs that are not observable from objective sources such as our internally developed assumptions used in pricing an asset or liability (for example, an estimate of future cash flows used in our internally developed present value of future cash flows model that underlies the fair-value measurement).

In determining fair value, we use observable market data when available, or models that incorporate observable market data. When we are required to measure fair value and there is not a market-observable price for the asset or liability or for a similar asset or liability, we use the cost or income approach depending on the quality of information available to support management’s assumptions. The cost approach is based on management’s best estimate of the current asset replacement cost. The income approach is based on management’s best assumptions regarding expectations of future net cash flows and discounts the expected cash flows using a commensurate risk-adjusted discount rate. Such evaluations involve significant judgment, and the results are based on expected future events or conditions such as sales prices, economic and regulatory climates, and other factors, most of which are often outside of management’s control. However, we believe assumptions used reflect a market participant’s view of long-term prices, costs, and other factors and are consistent with assumptions used in our business plans and investment decisions.

In arriving at fair-value estimates, we use relevant observable inputs available for the valuation technique employed. If a fair-value measurement reflects inputs at multiple levels within the hierarchy, the fair-value measurement is characterized based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair-value measurement.

The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and accounts payable approximate their carrying amounts because of the short maturity of these instruments. The fair value of customer accounts receivables, determined using a Level 3 discounted cash flow analysis, approximates their carrying amount, which includes the allowance for doubtful accounts. The fair value of our revolving credit facility approximates carrying value based on the current borrowing rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements. At April 30, 2018, the fair value of the Senior Notes outstanding, which was determined using Level 1 inputs, was $224.8 million as compared to the carrying value of $227.0 million, excluding the impact of the related discount. At April 30, 2018, the fair value of the asset-backed notes approximates their carrying value and was determined using Level 2 inputs based on inactive trading activity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Adopted. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which provides a single comprehensive accounting standard for revenue recognition for contracts with customers and supersedes current guidance. Upon adoption of ASU 2014-09, entities are required to recognize revenue using the following comprehensive model: (1) identify contracts with customers, (2) identify the performance obligations in such contracts, (3) determine transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognize revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of Effective Date, which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year and allows early adoption on a limited basis. The FASB has also issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net); ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing; ASU 2016-11, Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting; and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, all of which were issued to improve and clarify the guidance in ASU 2014-09. Effective February 1, 2018, the Company adopted these ASUs using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts that were not completed as of February 1, 2018, with no restatement of comparative periods. Results for reporting periods beginning after February 1, 2018 are presented under ASC Topic 606, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting policies under ASC Topic 605. We recognized a net after-tax cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings of $1.0 million as of the date of adoption. The details of our current revenue recognition policy, as well as the change due to ASC Topic 606, are described below.

Revenue Recognition. The Company has the following material revenue streams: the sale of products (e.g. appliances, electronics) including delivery; the sale of third party warranty and insurance programs, including retrospective income; service income; interest income generated from the financing of point of sale transactions; and volume rebate incentives received from a third party financer. Interest income related to our customer accounts receivable balance and loan origination costs (including sales commissions) meet the scope exception of ASC 606 and are therefore not impacted by the adoption of this standard. For our twelve month no-interest option program, as a practical expedient acceptable under ASC 606, we do not adjust for the time value of money.

Sale of Products Including Delivery: The Company has a single performance obligation associated with these contracts: the delivery of the product to the customer, at which point control transfers. Revenue for the sale of products is recognized at the time of delivery, net of any adjustments for sales incentives such as discounts, coupons, rebates or other free products or services. Sales financed through third-party no-interest option programs typically require us to pay a fee to the third party on each completed sale, which is recorded as a reduction of net sales in the retail segment.

Sale of Third Party Warranty and Insurance Programs, Including Retrospective Income: We sell repair service agreements ("RSA") and credit insurance contracts on behalf of unrelated third-parties. The Company has a single performance obligation associated with these contracts: the delivery of the product to the customer, at which point control transfers. Commissions related to these contracts are recognized in revenue upon delivery of the product. We defer 5% of the revenue received from the sale of RSAs as compensation to us for the cost to serve as administrator of the RSAs sold as 5% represents the estimated stand-alone sales price to serve as the administrator. The deferred RSA administration fee is recorded in income ratably over the life of the RSA contract sold. Retrospective income on RSA contracts is recognized upon delivery of the product based on an estimate of claims and is adjusted throughout the life of the contracts as actual claims materialize. Retrospective income on insurance contracts is recognized when earned as that is the point at which we no longer believe a significant reversal of income is probable as the consideration is highly susceptible to factors outside of our influence.

Service Income: The Company has a single performance obligation associated with these contracts: the servicing of the RSA claims. Service revenues are recognized at the time service is provided to the customer.

Volume Rebate Incentive: As part of our agreement with our third-party provider of no-interest option programs, we may receive a volume rebate incentive based on the total dollar value of sales made under our third-party provider. The Company has a single performance obligations associated with this contract: the delivery of the product to the customer, at which point control transfers. Revenue for the volume rebate incentive is recognized upon deliver of the product to the customer based on the projected total annual dollar value of sales to be made under our third-party provider.

ASC 606 requires disaggregation of revenue recognized from contracts with customers to depict how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue is affected by economic factors. The Company concluded that the disaggregated discrete financial information presented in Note 8, Segment Reporting, and Note 4, Finance Charges and Other Revenues, reviewed by our chief operating decision maker in evaluating the financial performance of our operating segments adequately addresses the disaggregation of revenue requirements of ASC 606.

Deferred Revenue. Deferred revenue related to contracts with customers as defined by ASC 606 as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018 consisted of deferred customer deposits of $1.5 million and $1.8 million, respectively, and deferred RSA administration fees of $8.4 million and $8.7 million, respectively. All of the deferred customer deposits as of January 31, 2018 were recognized as revenue during the three months ended April 30, 2018. We recognized $1.3 million of income during the three months ended April 30, 2018 related to RSA administrative fees deferred as of January 31, 2018.

Changes in Revenue Recognition Due to ASC 606. The adoption of ASC 606 resulted in a change to our accounting policy related to retrospective income on RSAs. We participate in profit sharing agreements with the underwriters of our RSA products, payment from which is contingent upon the actual performance of the portfolio of the RSAs sold. Prior to the adoption of ASC 606, we recognized this revenue and related receivable as the amount due to us at each reporting date based on the performance of the portfolio through such date. The Company concluded that this retrospective income represents variable consideration under ASC 606 for which the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied when the RSA is sold to the customer. Under ASC 606, an estimate of variable consideration, subject to constraints, is to be included in the transaction price and recognized when or as the performance obligation is satisfied. As a result of the adoption of ASC 606, the Company changed its accounting policy related to retrospective income on RSAs to record an estimate of retrospective income when the RSA is sold, subject to constraints in the estimate. The Company's estimate of the amount of variable consideration is recorded as a contract asset, representing a conditional right to payment, and is included within other accounts receivable in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The estimated contract asset will be reassessed at the end of each reporting period, with changes thereto recorded as adjustments to revenue.

The cumulative effect of the changes made to the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as a result of the adoption of ASC 606 were as follows (in thousands):



	Impact of Adoption of ASC 606
(in thousands)	Balance at January 31, 2018		Adjustments due to ASC 606			Balance at February 1, 2018
Assets
Other Accounts Receivable	$	71,186	$	1,210		$	72,396
Deferred Income Taxes	21,565		(254		)	21,311
Stockholder's Equity	$	535,068	$	956		$	536,024

The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements for the three months ended April 30, 2018 and no comparative financial statements are presented.

Internal Controls. As a result of the adoption of ASC 606 we evaluated our internal control framework, and there have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2016-18 requires that the statement of cash flows provides the change in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. We hold restricted cash related to our asset backed security transactions and lending license requirements. Effective February 1, 2018, the Company adopted the ASU which resulted in us no longer presenting the changes in restricted cash balances as a component of cash flows from financing activities but instead include the balances of both current and long-term restricted cash with cash and cash equivalents in total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash for the beginning and end of the periods presented. The total cash flow impact for the three months ended April 30, 2017 was an increase in the cash provided by financing activities of $49.3 million. The balances of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash are separately presented within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of April 30, 2018 and January 31, 2018.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force). ASU 2016-15 clarifies guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows to reduce diversity in practice. Among other things, debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs will be presented as cash outflows for financing activities on the statement of cash flow. Effective February 1, 2018, the Company adopted the ASU, which resulted in us no longer presenting the change in debt extinguishment costs as a component of cash flows from operating activities but instead include the change as a component of cash flows from financing activities. The adoption of this ASU resulted in the classification of $0.3 million in payments on extinguishment of debt as a cash outflow from financing activities for the months ended April 30, 2018. There was no impact for the three months ended April 30, 2017.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Yet To Be Adopted.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which will change how lessees account for leases. For most leases, a liability will be recorded on the balance sheet based on the present value of future lease obligations with a corresponding right-of-use asset. Primarily for those leases currently classified by us as operating leases, we will recognize a single lease cost on a straight line basis based on the combined amortization of the lease obligation and the right-of-use asset. Other leases will be required to be accounted for as financing arrangements similar to how we currently account for capital leases. On transition, we will recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the retained earnings on the opening balance sheet in the period of adoption using a modified retrospective approach. The final standard will become effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. Based on our preliminary assessment, we believe the adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on our financial statements as we will be required to report additional leases on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. We are the lessee under various lease agreements for our retail stores and equipment that are currently accounted for as operating leases as discussed in Note 8, Leases, of our audited Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2018 Form 10-K.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 requires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The allowance for credit losses should reflect management’s current estimate of credit losses that are expected to occur over the remaining life of a financial asset. The standard will become effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2021 and early adoption is permitted beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020. We have formed a cross-functional working group comprised of individuals from various functional areas including credit, finance, accounting, and information technology. While we are currently evaluating the likely impact the adoption of this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements, the adoption of ASU 2016-13 is likely to result in a material increase in the allowance for loan losses as a result of changing from an "incurred loss" model, which encompasses allowances for current known and inherent losses within the portfolio, to an "expected loss" model, which encompasses allowances for losses expected to be incurred over the life of the portfolio.