Earnings Per Common Share
3 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2020
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]  
Earnings Per Common Share Earnings Per Common Share
Basic earnings per common share (“EPS”) is computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the year. Diluted EPS is computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the year plus the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents using the treasury stock method and the average market price of our common stock for the year. As we expect to settle the principal amount of our outstanding convertible debt in cash and any excess in shares of our common stock, we use the treasury stock method for calculating any potential dilutive effect of the conversion spread on diluted earnings per share, if applicable. The conversion spread will have a dilutive impact on diluted earnings per share of common stock when the average market price of our common stock for a given period exceeds the conversion price of $41.51 per share. Our convertible debt is further described in Note 11, “Financing Arrangements.”

We include participating securities (nonvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents) in the computation of EPS pursuant to the two-class method. Our participating securities consist solely of nonvested restricted stock awards, which have contractual participation rights equivalent to those of stockholders of unrestricted common stock. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an allocation method that calculates earnings per share for common stock and participating securities.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted EPS available to stockholders of common stock (excluding participating securities):
Three Months Ended October 31,
 20202019
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share: 
Net income$24,464 $5,767 
Less income allocated to participating securities— (2)
Net income available to common shareholders$24,464 $5,765 
Denominator for basic and diluted earnings per share, adjusted for participating securities: 
Denominator for basic earnings per share - weighted average number of shares outstanding attributable to common stock42,184,486 42,022,383 
Dilutive effect of stock awards using the treasury stock method and the average market price for the year154,352 146,422 
Dilutive effect of convertible debt outstanding619,640 — 
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted average number of shares and common stock equivalents attributable to common stock42,958,478 42,168,805 
Earnings per share attributable to common stock: 
Basic earnings per share$0.58 $0.14 
Diluted earnings per share$0.57 $0.14 
Stock awards excluded because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive— — 
A reconciliation of weighted average number of shares and common stock equivalents attributable to common stock, as determined above, to our total weighted average number of shares and common stock equivalents, including participating securities, is set forth in the following table:
Three Months Ended October 31,
 20202019
Denominator for diluted earnings per share - weighted average number of shares and common stock equivalents attributable to common stock42,958,478 42,168,805 
Participating securities— 16,857 
Total weighted average number of shares and common stock equivalents attributable to both common stock and participating securities42,958,478 42,185,662